October 21, 2026
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Menjaga Kemuliaan Rajab Sesuai Tuntunan
Link PDF: https://tinyurl.com/nidaulirsyadtegal06
Dalam kurun waktu satu tahun, Allah ﷻ menetapkan ada dua belas bulan sejak dahulu kala. Hal itu sebagaimana firman-Nya dalam Al-Quran surat At-taubah: 36
إِنَّ عِدَّةَ ٱلشُّهُورِ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ ٱثۡنَا عَشَرَ شَهۡرࣰا فِی كِتَـٰبِ ٱللَّهِ یَوۡمَ خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَ ٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ
“Sesungguhnya bilangan bulan pada sisi Allah ialah dua belas bulan, dalam ketetapan Allah di waktu Dia menciptakan langit dan bumi,..”
Dua belas bulan yang dimaksud adalah Muharram, Safar, Rabiul Awwal, Rabiul Akhir, Jumadal ula, Jumada tsaniyah, Rajab, Sya’ban, Ramadhan, Syawal, Dzulqa'dah, dan Dzulhijjah.
Allah ﷻ menjelaskan dari dua belas bulan tersebut ada empat bulan yang dimuliakan
… مِنۡهَاۤ أَرۡبَعَةٌ حُرُمࣱۚ ذَ ٰلِكَ ٱلدِّینُ ٱلۡقَیِّمُۚ فَلَا تَظۡلِمُوا۟ فِیهِنَّ أَنفُسَكُمۡۚ
“…di antaranya empat bulan haram. Itulah (ketetapan) agama yang lurus, maka janganlah kamu menganiaya diri kamu dalam bulan yang empat itu,..”
Empat bulan yang dimaksud adalah Dzulqa'dah, Dzulhijjah, Muharram, dan Rajab sebagaimana dalam hadits Nabi ﷺ yang diriwayatkan imam Bukhari (3197) dan Muslim (1679)
Hari ini, Jumat 20 Rajab 1447 H bertepatan dengan 9 Januari 2026 meskipun sudah berlalu melebihi setengah bulan Rajab, kajian tentang bulan rajab dan amaliyah yang tidak berdasar pada riwayat shahih tetap harus disampaikan agar menjadi perhatian di hari-hari yang tersisa dan di setiap tahunnya bagi kaum muslimin.
Syarat Amal Shalih Yang Diterima
Allah ﷻ menciptakan manusia memiliki tujuan besar, yaitu ibadah.
وَمَا خَلَقۡتُ ٱلۡجِنَّ وَٱلۡإِنسَ إِلَّا لِیَعۡبُدُونِ
“Dan aku tidak menciptakan jin dan manusia melainkan supaya mereka beribadah kepada-Ku” (Adz-Dzariyat: 56)
Ibadah yang dimaksud dalam hal ini adalah sebagaimana didefinisikan syaikhul islam ibnu Taimiyah rahimahullah
اسمٌ جامِعٌ لكُلِّ ما يحِبُّه اللهُ ويَرْضاه مِنَ الأقوالِ والأعمالِ؛ الباطِنةِ والظَّاهِرةِ
“Ibadah adalah istilah yang mencakup segala sesuatu yang dicintai dan diridhai Allah baik berupa perkataan maupun perbuatan, yang bathin maupun yang lahir (nyata)”
Berdasarkan definisi tersebut ada kata kunci yang hendaknya diperhatikan, dicintai dan diridhai Allah ﷻ. Untuk menggapai cinta dan ridho Allah ﷻ maka perlu melakukan apa yang dicintai dan diridhoi-Nya. Sebagaimana perkataan imam Syafi'i dalam syairnya
إِنَّ المُحِبَّ لِمَن يُحِبُّ مُطيعُ
"Sesungguhnya orang yang mencinta patuh terhadap yang dicinta.”
Untuk mengetahui apa yang dicintai Allah ﷻ dalam beramal ibadah sehingga amalannya diterima, perlu merujuk kepada firman-Nya
قُلۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تُحِبُّونَ ٱللَّهَ فَٱتَّبِعُونِی یُحۡبِبۡكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَیَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ ذُنُوبَكُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورࣱ رَّحِیمࣱ
Katakanlah, Jika kamu (benar-benar) mencintai Allah, ikutilah aku, niscaya Allah mengasihi dan mengampuni dosa-dosamu. Allah Maha Pengampun lagi Maha Penyayang. (Ali 'Imran: 31)
Allah ﷻ menghendaki kepada kita dalam beramal harus mengikuti nabi Muhammad ﷺ atau yang biasa diistilahkan dengan ittiba’. Tentu berdasarkan sumber yang terpercaya kredibilitasnya (shahih).
Allah ﷻ juga berfirman
قُلِ ٱللَّهَ أَعۡبُدُ مُخۡلِصࣰا لَّهُۥ دِینِی
“Katakanlah, Hanya kepada Allah aku beribadah dengan ikhlas kepada-Nya dalam (menjalankan) agamaku.” (Surat Az-Zumar: 14)
Dari keterangan singkat di atas, dapat kita tarik kesimpulan bahwa syarat amal sholeh atau ibadah yang dicintai dan diridhai Allah ﷻ agar diterima ada dua, yaitu; ittiba' dengan riwayat yang shahih dan ikhlas dalam beramal.
Tidak Ada Amaliyah Khusus di Bulan Rajab
Al-Hafidz Ibnu Hajar rahimahullah berkata dengan tegas dalam kitabnya tabyinul ‘ujab bima warada fi fadhli rajab
لم يرد في فضل شهر رجب ولا في صيامه ولا في صيام شيء منه معيّن ولا في قيام ليلة مخصوصة فيه حديث صحيح يصلح للحجة
“Tidak ada riwayat yang bisa dijadikan landasan berkaitan dengan keutamaan puasa penuh atau sebagian secara khusus, sholat malam khusus di bulan Rajab”
Demikian kesimpulan Al-Hafidz Ibnu Hajar rahimahullah dalam kitabnya tersebut. Beliau imam besar dan keilmuannya diakui oleh umat islam manapun. Ketika menyampaikan statementnya, tentu setelah melalui proses telaah yang cukup kompleks dibandingkan kita yang bukan siapa-siapa. Maka seyogyanya, tidak terlalu lancang terhadap imam besar sekaliber beliau.
Selain menyampaikan kesimpulannya itu, beliau juga banyak menyampaikan contoh-contoh hadits yang dhaif bahkan maudhu’ (palsu) berkaitan dengan amaliyah khusus di bulan Rajab.
Jika Al-Hafidz Ibnu Hajar rahimahullah menyebutkan amalan puasa dan sholat malam, disebutkan juga berkaitan dengan umroh yang dikhususkan pada bulan Rajab. Bahwasanya Aisyah radhiyallahu anha membantah umrohnya Nabi ﷺ pada bulan tersebut;
ما اعْتَمَرَ عُمْرَةً إلَّا وهو شَاهِدُهُ، وما اعْتَمَرَ في رَجَبٍ قَطُّ
“...Tidaklah Nabi menunaikan umrah kecuali dia (ibnu umar) ikut bersamanya. Dan Nabi tidak pernah melakukan umrah di bulan Rajab. (HR. Bukhari)
Hadits tersebut sekaligus membantah bagi kaum muslimin yang mengkhususkan umroh di bulan Rajab. Namun jika ibadah umrohnya tidak diniatkan karena mengkhususkan, maka tidaklah mengapa sebagaimana amal ibadah yang lain.
Adapun umroh di bulan Ramadhan memang tersebut riwayat shahih tentangnya. Hadits dari ibnu Abbas mengisahkan:
لَمَّا رَجَعَ النبيُّ ﷺ مِن حَجَّتِهِ قالَ لِأُمِّ سِنَانٍ الأنْصَارِيَّةِ: ما مَنَعَكِ مِنَ الحَجِّ ؟ قالَتْ: أبو فُلَانٍ -تَعْنِي زَوْجَهَا- كانَ له نَاضِحَانِ، حَجَّ علَى أحَدِهِمَا، والآخَرُ يَسْقِي أرْضًا لَنَا. قالَ: فإنَّ عُمْرَةً في رَمَضَانَ تَقْضِي حَجَّةً -أوْ حَجَّةً مَعِي
“Ketika Nabi ﷺ selesai menunaikan haji, berkata kepada ummu sinan al-anshoriyah “apa yang menghalangimu untuk haji ?”, ia menjawab: “Suamiku. Ia memiliki dua unta, satunya digunakan untuk kendaraan menunaikan haji, satunya lagi untuk mengairi kebun kami.” Nabi ﷺ pun menimpali: “Umroh di bulan ramadhan setara dengan haji atau haji bersamaku”. (HR. Bukhari)
Bulan Rajab memang bulan mulia dan derajat pahala yang didapatkan pada bulan tersebut nilainya lebih besar dibanding bulan-bulan lain. Tapi tidak ada amalan khusus di dalamnya. Amal ibadah yang dikerjakan di bulan Rajab sama seperti amal ibadah yang dikerjakan di bulan-bulan lain.
Untuk mengamalkan ibadah khusus di waktu tertentu, perlu adanya riwayat shahih yang menjelaskan.
Dalam perkara ibadah, seseorang tidak bisa seenaknya mengada-ada. Di dalamnya, keikhlasan dan ittiba' kepada Nabi ﷺ harus ada. Dari Aisyah radhiyallahu anha, Nabi ﷺ bersabda
مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلاً لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَ أَمْرُنَا فَهُوَ رَدٌّ
”Barangsiapa yang mengerjakan sebuah amalan yang tidak terdapat padanya perintah kami, maka amalan tersebut tertolak.” (HR. Muslim)
Referensi:
Al-Qur'an Al-Karim
Kitab Shahih Bukhori dan Shohih muslim
Majmu’ Fatawa Libni Taimiyah
Diwan Al-Imam Asy-Syafi’i
Kitab Tabyinul ‘Ujab Bima Warada fi Fadhli Rajab
